Bryophyta
Bryophyta
Bryophytes are simple terrestrial (land) plants. In fact, they were pioneers in establishing the plants on land. They are called amphibians of the plant kingdom. They do not have proper roots and leaves on the other hand they posses rhizoids. However, they are green, with stems and leaflike structures which are capable of photosynthesis. They are non vascular plants, i.e., they do not have xylem and phloem. They have multicellular and jacketed sex organs. They are covered by a waxy cuticle which helps them retain water. Mosses, liverworts and hornworts are the three groups of bryophytes.The plant body of bryophytes is gametophyte(haploid gamete bearing). Sporophyte(diploid spore bearing) lives as a parasite on then it.
Mosses: Mosses grow very close together, forming a velvety, matlike cover over soil or wherever (substratum) they grow. They have leafy gametophyte. The antheridia and the archegonia may be borne at the tips of the main shoots or on spherical lateral branchlets. They play a great role in soil conservation by holding soil particles together and preventing erosion by rain. Examples : Funaria, Polytrichum.
Liverworts: These are very small plants in which the plant body, known as the thallus, is not differentiated into stems and leaves. It has a lobed appearance. For eg : Marchantia
Hornworts: Hornworts are like liverworts in almost all respects. However, they have longer, hornlike reproductive bodies. For eg : Anthoceros
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Mosses are bryophytes which are characterized by | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
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A moss plant (Funaria) shows | |||
| Right Option : C | |||
| View Explanation |
Ferns develop sex organs (antheridia and archegonia) on | |||
| Right Option : D | |||
| View Explanation | |||
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